Compiled by
Gregory P. Kennedy

Manned Space Flight Chronology 1998 to 2004

January 22 - 31, 1998 -- STS-89; Endeavour; crewed by Terrance W. Wilcutt, Joe F. Edwards, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Michael P. Anderson, James F. Reilly, Salizhan Sharipov, and Andrew S. W. Thomas; eighth docking with Mir space station; Thomas remained aboard Mir; David Wolf returned with crew; Russian cosmonaut (Sharipov). (USA)

January 29 - August 25, 1998 -- Soyuz TM-27; crewed by Talgat Musabeyav, Nikolai Budarin, and Leopold Eyharts; long duration crew to Mir; French guest cosmonaut (Eyharts); Eyharts returned with Soyuz TM-26 crew; Soyuz TM-28 crewmember Yuri Baturin returned with TM-27 crew. (CIS)

March 12, 1998 -- Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

March 14, 1998 -- Progress M-38; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

April 17 - May 3, 1998 - STS-90; Columbia; crewed by Richard A. Searfoss, Scott D. Altman, Richard M. Linnehan, Dafydd Rhys Williams, Kathryn P. Hire, Jay C. Buckey, and James A. Pawelczyk; carried Neurolab; Canadian Mission Specialist (Williams). (USA)

May 14, 1998 -- Progress M-39; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

June 2 - 12, 1998 - STS-91; Discovery; crewed by Charles J. Precourt, Dominic L. Pudwell Gorie, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, Wendy B. Lawrence, Janet L. Kavandi, and Valeri V. Ryumin; ninth and last docking with Mir by U. S. Space Shuttle; Andrew S. W. Thomas returned with crew; Russian cosmonaut (Ryumin). (USA)

August 13, 1998 - February 28, 1999 - Soyuz TM-28; crewed by Gennady Padalka, Sergei Avdeyev, and Yuri Baturin; long duration crew to Mir; Baturin returned with Soyuz TM-27 crew; Padalka returned on February 28, 1999 with Soyuz TM-29 crewmember Bella. (CIS)

October 25, 1998 - Progress M-40; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

October 29 - November 7, 1998 -- STS-95; Discovery; crewed by Curtis L. Brown, Jr., Steven W. Lindsey, Stephen K. Robinson, Scott E. Parazynski, Pedro Duque, Chiaki Mukai, and John H. Glenn; deployed and retrieved Spartan 201-04 solar observation payload; International Extreme Ultraviolet Hitchhiker Experiment -3 (IEH-3); ESA astronaut (Duque); Japanese astronaut (Mukai); oldest person in space (Glenn, age 77). (USA)

November 20, 1998 - Launch of Zarya FGB Control Module; first segment of International Space Station; launched by Proton booster from Baikonur Cosmodrome. (CIS)

December 4 - 15, 1998 -- STS-88; Endeavour; crewed by Robert D. Cabana, Frederick (Rick) W. Sturckow, Jerry L. Ross, Nancy J. Currie, James H. Newman, and Sergei Krikalev; first manned International Space Station assembly flight; delivered Unity (connecting node 1) to Zarya Control Module; Russian cosmonaut (Krikalev). (USA)

February 6, 1999 -- Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

February 20, - August 28, 1999 - Soyuz TM-29; crewed by Viktor Afanassiev, Ivan Bella, and Jean-Pierre Haigneré; final government-sponsored long duration mission to Mir; Slovakian cosmonaut (Bella); French cosmonaut (Haigneré); Bella returned on February 28, 1999, with Padalka (Soyuz TM-28) in Soyuz TM-28. (CIS)

March 5, 1999 -- Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

April 2, 1999 -- Progress M-41; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

May 27 - June 6, 1999 -- STS-96; Discovery; crewed by Kent V. Rominger, Rick D. Husband, Daniel T. Barry, Valery I. Tokarev, Ellen Ochoa, Julie Payette, and Tamara E. Jernigan; International Space Station docking; delivered supplies to ISS; spacewalks to begin assembly operations; Russian cosmonaut (Tokarev); Canadian astronaut (Payette). (USA)

July 7, 1999 -- Progress M-42; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

July 9, 1999 -- Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

July 22 - 27, 1999 -- STS-93; Columbia; crewed by Eileen M. Collins, Jeffrey S. Ashby, Michel Tognini, Steven A. Hawley, and Catherine G. Coleman; deployed Chandra X-ray telescope; first female Shuttle commander; French astronaut (Tognini). (USA)

November 20 - 21, 1999 - Shenzhou 1; unmanned test flight by People's Republic of China of manned spacecraft; launched by Long March 2F booster. (PRC)

December 19 - 27, 1999 - STS-103; Discovery; crewed by Curtis L. Brown, Jr., Scott J. Kelly, Steven L. Smith, Jean-Francois Clervoy, John M. Grusnfeld, C. Michael Foale, and Claude Nicolier; Hubble Space Telescope repair and servicing mission; two ESA astronauts (Clervoy and Nicolier). (USA)

February 1, 2000 -- Progress M1-1; unmanned resupply mission to Mir; first flight of improved Progress M1 vehicle. (CIS)

February 11 - 22, 2000 - STS-99; Endeavour; crewed by Kevin Kregal, Dom Gorie, Gerhard P. J. Thiele, Janet Kavandi, Janice Voss, and Mamoru Mohri; Shuttle Radar Topography Mission global 3-D mapping mission; ESA astronaut (Thiele) and Japanese astronaut (Mohri). (USA)

March 30, 2000 -- Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

April 4 - June 16, 2000 -- Soyuz TM-30; crewed by Sergei Zalyotin and Alexander Kaleri; final mission to Mir; sponsored by MirCorp. (CIS)

April 25, 2000 -- Progress M1-2; unmanned resupply mission to Mir. (CIS)

May 19 - 29, 2000 - STS-101; Atlantis; crewed by James Halsell, Scott Horowitz, Susan Helms, Yuri Usachev, James Voss, Mary Ellen Weber, and Jeff Williams; delivered supplies and equipment to International Space Station; Russian Aviation and Space Agency cosmonaut (Usachev). (USA)

July 12, 2000 - Launch of Zvezda Service Module for International Space Station; launched by Proton booster from Baikonur Cosmodrome. (CIS)

August 6, 2000 - Progress M1-3; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

September 8 - 20, 2000 -- STS-106; Atlantis; crewed by Terrence W. Willcutt, Scott D. Altman, Richard A. Mastracchio, Edward T. Lu, Boris V. Morukov, Yuri I. Malenchenko, and Daniel C. Burbank; International Space Station assembly flight; two Russian Aviation and Space Agency cosmonauts (Morukov and Malenchenko). (USA)

October 11 - 24, 2000 - STS-92; Discovery; crewed by Brian Duffy, Pamela Ann Melroy. Peter J. K. "Jeff" Wisoff, Michael Lopez-Alegria, William S. McArthur, Jr., Leroy Chiao, and Koichi Wakata; delivered Z-1 Power Truss and Pressurized Mating Adapter 3 to the International Space Station; Japanese Space Agency astronaut (Wakata). (USA)

October 16, 2000 - Progress M-43; unmanned resupply ship to Mir; boosted station into a higher orbit. (CIS)

October 31, 2000 - May 5, 2001 - Soyuz TM-31; crewed by William M. "Bill" Shepherd, Yuri P. Gidzenko, and Sergei K. Krikalev; Expedition One crew to International Space Station; returned to Earth aboard STS-102 on March 21, 2001. (CIS)

November 2, 2000 - Glide test of X-38 Crew Return Vehicle. (USA)

November 16, 2000 - Progress M1-4; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

November 30 - December 11, 2000 - STS-97; Endeavour; crewed by Brent Jeff, Michael Bloomfield, Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega, and Marc Garneau; delivered P6 truss and photovoltaic module to International Space Station Alpha; Canadian astronaut (Garneau). (USA)

January 10 - 16, 2001 - Shenzhou 2; unmanned test flight by People's Republic of China of manned spacecraft; launched by Long March 2F booster; Descent Module carried a monkey, dog, rabbit, and snails. (PRC)

January 24, 2001 - Progress M1-5; unmanned resupply ship to Mir; last flight to Mir; used to de-orbit station. (CIS)

February 7 - 20, 2001 - STS-98; Atlantis; crewed by Kenneth D. Cockrell, Mark L. Polansky, Robert L. Curbeam, Jr., Marsha S. Ivins, and Thomas D. Jones; delivered Destiny Laboratory Module to the International Space Station. (USA)

February 26, 2001 - Progress M-44; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

March 8 - 21, 2001 - STS-102; Discovery; crewed by James Wetherbee, James Kelly, Andrew S. W. Thomas, Paul Richards, James S. Voss, Susan J. Helms, and Yuri V. Usachev; transported Leonardo Multi-Purpose Logistics Module to ISS; crew rotation flight; Voss, Helms, and Usachev remained on ISS as Expedition Two crew; Shepherd, Godzenko, and Krikalev returned in Discovery; Russian cosmonaut (Usachev). (USA)

March 23, 2001 - Mir space station reenters atmosphere over South Pacific. (CIS)

April 19 - May 1, 2001 - STS-100; Endevour; crewed by Kent V. Rominger, Jeffrey S. Ashby, Chris Hadfield, John L. Phillips, Scott Parazynski, Umberto Guidoni, and Yuri Lonchakov; delivered Canadarm 2 to ISS; transported Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module to ISS; Canadian astronaut (Hadfield); ESA astronaut (Guidoni); Russian cosmonaut (Lonchakov). (USA)

April 28 - October 31, 2001 - Soyuz TM-32; crewed by Talgat Musabayev, Yuri Baturin, and Dennis Tito; Soyuz exchange at ISS; first tourist in space (Tito); crew returned in Soyuz TM-31 on May 5, 2001. (CIS)

May 20, 2001 - Progress M1-6; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

July 12 - 21, 2001 - STS-104; Atlantis; crewed by Steven W. Lindsey, Charles O. Hobaugh, Michael L. Gernhardt, Janet L. Kavandi, and James F. Reilly; delivered Quest Airlock and high-pressure gas tanks to ISS. (USA)

August 10 - 20, 2001 - STS-105; Discovery; crewed by Scott Horowitz, Rick Sturckow, Daniel Barry, Patrick Forrester, Frank L. Culbertson, Vladimir N. Dezhurov, and Mikhail Tyurin; transported Leonardo Multi-Purpose Logistics Module to ISS; crew rotation flight; Culbertson, Dezhurov, and Tyurin remained on ISS as Expedition Three crew; Voss, Helms, and Usachev returned in Discovery; Russian cosmonauts (Dezhurov and Tyurin). (USA)

August 21, 2001 - Progress M-45; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

September 14, 2001 - Launch of Pirs (Pier) docking compartment and Strela Boom to ISS; launched by Soyuz rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome. (CIS)

October 21, 2001 - May 4, 2002 - Soyuz TM-33; crewed by Viktor Afanasiev, Konstantin Kazeev, and Claudie Haigneré (formerly André-Deshays); Soyuz exchange at ISS; French cosmonaut (Haigneré); crew returned in Soyuz TM-32 on October 31, 2001. (CIS)

November 26, 2001 - Progress M1-7; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

December 6 - 17, 2001 - STS-108; Endeavour; crewed by Dominic L. Gorie, Mark E. Kelly, Linda M. Godwin, Daniel M. Tani, Yuri Onifrienko, Carl E. Walz, and Daniel W. Bursch; transported Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module to ISS; crew rotation flight; Onifrienko, Walz, and Bursch remained aboard ISS as Expedition Four crew; Culbertson, Dezhurov, and Tyurin returned in Endeavour; Russian cosmonaut (Onifrienko). (USA)

March 1 - 12, 2002 - STS-109; Columbia; crewed by Scott D. Altman, Duage G. Carey, John M. Grunsfeld, Nancy J. Currie, Richard M. Linnehan, James H. Newman, and Michael J. Massimino; Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission. (USA)

March 21, 2002 - Progress M1-8; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

March 25 - April 1, 2002 - Shenzhou 3; unmanned launch of Chinese spacecraft. (PRC)

April 8 - 19, 2002 - STS-110; Atlantis; crewed by Michael J. Bloomfield, Stephen N. Frick, Rex J. Walheim, Ellen Ochoa, Lee M. E. Morin, Jerry L. Ross, and Steven L. Smith; transported S-0 (S-Zero) truss and Mobile Transporter to International Space Station. (USA)

April 25 - October 31, 2002 - Soyuz TM-34; crewed by Yuri Gidzenko, Roberto Vittori, and Mark Shuttleworth; Soyuz exchange flight to ISS; crew returned in Soyuz TM-33 on May 4, 2002; ESA astronaut (Vittori, Italy); second tourist flight aboard a Soyuz craft (Shuttleworth, South Africa). (CIS)

June 5 - 19, 2002 - STS-111; Endeavour; crewed by Kenneth Cockrell, Paul Lockhart, Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin, Valery Korzum, Peggy Whitson, and Sergei Treschev; transported Leonardo Multi-Purpos Logistics Module and Mobil Remote Servicer Base System to ISS; crew rotation flight; Korzun, Whitson, and Treschev remained at station as Expedition Five crew; Onufrienko, Walz, and Bursch returned in Atlantis; Russian cosmonauts (Korzun and Treschev); ESA astronaut (Perrin). (USA)

June 26, 2002 - Progress M-46; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

September 25, 2002 - Progress M1-9; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

October 7 - 16, 2002 - STS-112; Atlantis; crewed by Jeffrey Ashby, Pamela Melroy, Sandy Magnus, Piers Sellers, Dave Wolf, and Fyodor Yurchikhin; delivered S-1 Truss to ISS; Russian cosmonaut (Yurchikhin). (USA)

October 29, 2002 - May 3, 2003 - Soyuz TMA-1; crewed by Sergei Zalyotin, Frank De Winne, and Yuri Lonchakov; Soyuz exchange flight to ISS; crew returned in Soyuz TM-34 on November 9, 2002; ESA astronaut (De Winne, Belgium). (CIS)

November 23 - December 7, 2002 - STS-113; Endeavour; crewed by James Wetherbee, Paul Lockhart, Michael Lopez-Alegria, John Harrington, Ken Bowersox, Nikolai Budarin, and Don Pettit; delivered P1 Truss to ISS; crew rotation flight; Bowersox, Budarin, and Petitt remained at station as Expedition Six crew and landed in Soyuz TMA-1 on May 3, 2003; Korzun, Whitson, and Treschev returned in Endeavour; Russian cosmonaut (Budarin). (USA)

December 30, 2002 - January 5, 2003 - Shenzhou 4; unmanned test of Chinese spacecraft. (PRC)

January 16 - February 1, 2003 - STS-107; Columbia; crewed by Rick D. Husband, William C. McCool, Kalpana Chawla, David M. Brown, Michael P. Anderson, Laurel B. Clark, and Ilan Ramon; microgravity science flight; vehicle broke up during reentry over Texas; all seven on board killed; Israeli astronaut (Ramon). (USA)

February 2, 2003 - Progress M-47; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

April 25 - October 27, 2004 - Soyuz TMA-2; crewed by Yuri Malenchenko and Edward T. Lu; ISS Expedition 7. (CIS)

May 20, 2003 - First captive test flight of SpaceShip One; first privately developed vehicle capable of reaching space. (USA)

June 8, 2003 - Progress M1-10; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

July 29, 2003 - Captive test flight of SpaceShip One; spacecraft occupied during flight for first time; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

August 7, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

August 27, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

August 29, 2003 - Progress M-48; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

September 23, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

October 15 - 16, 2003 - Shenzhou 5; crewed by Yang Liwei; first piloted flight of Chinese spacecraft. (PRC)

October 17, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

October 18, 2003 - April 28, 2004 - Soyuz TMA-3; crewed by Michael Foale, Alexander Kaleri, and Pedro Duque; ISS Expedition 8; Duque returned in Soyuz TMA-2 with Expedition 7 crew on October 27, 2003; ESA astronaut (Duque, Spain). (CIS)

November 14, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Peter Siebold. (USA)

November 19, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

December 4, 2003 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Brian Binnie.

December 17, 2003 - First powered flight of SpaceShip One; reached 67,800 feet; first privately developed aircraft to achieve supersonic flight; piloted by Brian Binnie. (USA)

January 29, 2004 - Progress M1-11; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

March 11, 2004 - Unpowered glide test of SpaceShip One; piloted by Peter Siebold. (USA)

April 8, 2004 - Powered flight test of SpaceShip One; reached 105,000 feet; piloted by Peter Siebold.

April 18 - October 23, 2004 - Soyuz TMA-4; crewed by Gennady Padalka, Mike Fincke, and André Kuipers; crew rotation flight to ISS; Padalka and Fincke remained on station as Expedition 9 crew; Kuipers returned with Expedition 8 crew in Soyuz TMA-3 on April 29, 2004; ESA astronaut (Kuipers). (CIS)

May 13, 2004 - Powered flight test of SpaceShip One; reached 211.400 feet; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

May 25, 2004 - Progress M-49; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

June 21, 2004 - First flight by SpaceShip One to exceed 100 kilometers; reached 328,481 feet; first space flight by a privately developed craft; piloted by Michael W. Melvill. (USA)

August 11, 2004 - Progress M-50; unmanned resupply ship to International Space Station. (CIS)

September 29, 2004 - Flight by SpaceShip One; reached 337,500 feet; first of two flights necessary to claim Ansari X-Prize; piloted by Michael W. Melvill; first award of commercial astronaut wings. (USA)

October 4, 2004 - Flight by SpaceShip One; reached 368,000 feet; second of two flights needed to claim Ansari X-Prize; piloted by Brian Binnie. (USA)

NOTE: This chronology contains manned space missions; unmanned test flights of manned spacecraft; significant launch vehicle tests; unmanned lunar probes; select space biology flights; piloted stratospheric balloon flights; flights above 50 miles (264,000 feet) by the X-15 rocket plane; and other significant events in the development of manned space programs.

Biological satellites are listed only when they directly supported a manned space project. In the case of missions where crewmembers were launched in one spacecraft and returned in another, the crew names are with the launch spacecraft and explanations of their return to Earth are in the flight description.

A three- or four-letter country designation is given at the end of each entry. The country designations used are as follows:
BEL Belgium
CIS Post 1990 Russia (Commonwealth of Independent States)
FRA France
GER Germany
POL Poland
PRC People's Republic of China
RUS Pre-1917 Russia
USA United States
USSR Soviet Union

This chronology lists events through the second flight of Space Ship One on October 4, 2004.